Diffuse optical tomography 14 journal of lasers in medical sciences volume 5 number 1 winter 2014 imaging is related to the accuracy of image reconstruction. Osa compressed sensing in diffuse optical tomography. Image reconstruction for diffuse optical tomography based. Yodh department of physics and astronomy, university of pennsylvania, philadelphia, pa 19104, usa. Severe undersampling is a common problem in dot which leads to image artifacts. Nearinfrared diffuse optical tomography nirdot is an emerging technology that offers hemoglobinbased functional imaging tumor biomarkers for breast cancer management 14. Chapter18 diffuse optical tomography of the breast regine choe and arjun g. Friedlander b aart advanced research technologies inc. Deep learning diffuse optical tomography ieee journals. Miller1 1department of electrical and computer engineering, tufts university, medford, massachusetts 02155, usa 2department of biomedical engineering, tufts university, medford, massachusetts 02155, usa fridrik. Models and algorithms for diffuse optical tomographic system.
Original article ultrasonography guided diffuse optical. Fluorescence diffuse optical tomography using upconverting. Diffuse optical tomography dot allows tomographic 3d, noninvasive reconstructions of tissue optical properties for biomedical applications. Light has the advantage of generating a spectroscopic view of a specific volume of soft tissue. The theoretical basis for nearinfrared or diffuse optical spectroscopy is developed, and the basic elements of diffuse optical tomography are outlined.
Simulation of diffuse optical tomography using comsol. Diffuse optical fluorescence tomography using timeresolved data acquired in transmission frederic leblond a, simon fortier a and michael p. N diffuse optical tomography dot, nearinfrared light 650900 nm is injected into an object through optical. Highdensity diffuse optical tomography for imaging human.
Chromophore decomposition in multispectral timeresolved diffuse. In brain functional diffuse optical tomography, conventional indirect approaches first separately reconstruct the spatial changes in the absorption coefficients at every time point and then calculate the spatial excited levels in terms of hemodynamic models. This technique has been applied for oncology and brain imaging. One often employed setup uses timeresolved excitation and detection schemes, in which multiple picosecond diode laser pulses are introduced into the tissue under study. What is diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging dosi. Hyperspectral image reconstruction for diffuse optical tomography fridrik larusson,1. Optimal linear inverse solution with multiple priors in. Diffuse optical tomography using multidirectional sources and detectors takeaki shimokawa,1,4, toshihiro ishii,2,4 yoichiro takahashi, 2 satoru sugawara, masaaki sato,1 and okito yamashita1,3 1atr neural information analysis laboratories, kyoto 6190288, japan 2ricoh institute of future technology, ricoh company ltd. Lifetime risks for a diagnosis of pca and as the cause of death for american. Diffuse optical tomography dot is an ongoing medical imaging modality in which tissue is illuminated by nearinfrared light from an array of sources, the multiplyscattered light which emerges is observed with an array of detectors, and then a model of the propagation physics is used to infer the localized optical properties of the illuminated tissue. Tumoural perfusion as measured by dynamic computed tomography in. The approach is capable of reconstructing the quantitative optical parameters absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient of a soft tissue. The purpose of this dissertation is to improve image reconstruction in diffuse optical tomography dot, a high contrast imaging modality that uses a near infrared light source. Diffuse optical tomography dot provides spatial distributions of intrinsic tissue optical properties or molecular contrast agents through modelbased reconstruction algorithms using nir measurements along.
Optimal linear inverse solution with multiple priors in diffuse optical tomography ang li, greg boverman, yiheng zhang, dana brooks, eric l. The measurements and optical distribution image live in different domain with different dimension 1d 3d, severely illposed. Computational timeofflight diffuse optical tomography. However, due to the complicated nonlinear photon scattering physics and illposedness, the conventional reconstruction algorithms are sensitive to imaging parameters such as boundary.
Introduction t he prostate gland may not be considered as a lifesustainingorgan,butprostatecancerpcaclaimsthelives of about 28000 american men every year 1. Optical tomography in industry is used as a sensor of thickness and internal structure of semiconductors. Diffuse optical tomography dot has long been investigated as an effective imaging technique for soft tissue imaging, such as breast cancer detection. Timedomain functional diffuse optical tomography system.
Hyperspectral image reconstruction for diffuse optical. Optical tomography, photon density waves, equation of radiative transfer, finite. Diffuse optical fluorescence tomography using time. The disadvantage of imaging with light in tissue is the poor resolution in scattering. Diffuse optical tomography has witnessed increased interest as an imaging modality and has recently demonstrated its clinical potential in probing tumors 1,2 for being an affordable, nonionising alternative to xray mammography, the primary screening technique for.
Dot has many benefits, including its use of nonionizing light and its ability to produce high contrast images, but it also has low resolution. A laser that uses nearinfrared light is positioned on the scalp. Dot is a noninvasive and safe method that can be considered as a functional imaging method 3. The light goes through the scalp and harmlessly traverses the brain. Optical tomography is used mostly in medical imaging research. Pdf the image reconstruction algorithm of diffuse optical tomography dot is based on the diffusion equation and involves both the forward problem. A large number of measurements is needed in order to minimize these artifacts. Diffuse optical tomography dot provides spatial distributions of intrinsic tissue optical properties or molec. Overview of diffuse optical tomography and its clinical applications. Original article ultrasonography guided diffuse optical tomography for noninvasive monitoring of breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy yan dong 1, jinwei qiang, cai chang2, shichong zhou2 1department of radiology, jinshan hospital, fudan university, shanghai, china. Diffuse optical tomography dot has been investigated as an alternative imaging modality for breast cancer detection thanks to its excellent contrast to hemoglobin oxidization level. Diffuse optical monitoring of repeated cerebral ischemia. Xu,a johan axelsson, and stefan anderssonengels department of physics, lund university, p. Overview of diffuse optical tomography and its clinical.
Subsurface tomography with diffuse light has been investigated with a noncontact approach to characterize the performance of optical absorption and fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence diffuse optical tomography using upconverting nanoparticles can t. Diffuse optical tomography principles and applications taylor. The goal of this work is to provide useful information about arthritic joints using a combination of light and ultrasound. Dot can be used to obtain information about brain activity. Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging dosi is a noninvasive optical diagnostic technique that can quantify the absorption and scattering coefficients of tissues up to several centimeters deep. Optical tomography is a form of computed tomography that creates a digital volumetric model of an object by reconstructing images made from light transmitted and scattered through an object. Diffuse optical tomography and imaging can be performed with different experimental approaches. Correspondingly, diffuse optical tomography dot based on nirsdos has also been developed for 3dimensional 3d imaging of oxygenation distributions in organs or regional tissues arridge and hebden 1997, dehghani et al2009, intes et al 2010, jermyn et al 20, zhang et al 20, eggebrecht et al 2014. Sparsity regularization in diffuse optical tomography by.
In this work, we introduce a compressed sensing cs framework for dot which enables. Both light and sound have the advantages of being noninvasive, nontoxic, and nonionizing. Diffuse optical tomography dot using nearinfrared nir light is a promising tool for noninvasive imaging of deep tissue. The development of diffuse optical tomography as a functional imaging modality has relied largely on the use of modelbased image reconstruction. Diffuse scattering and diffuse optical tomography on graphs. Optical mammography is a new application of dot 4 6. Principles and applications is a longawaited profile of a revolutionary imaging method. This model can be used in the design and optimization of diffusive optical tomography systems for biomedical applications. Diffuse optical tomography dot has been investigated as an alternative imaging modality for breast cancer. Multimodal molecular diffuse optical tomography system. Diffuse optical tomography is a novel molecular imaging technology for small animal studies.
Nearinfrared diffuse optical tomography dot, one of the most sophisticated optical imaging techniques for observations through biological tissue, allows 3d quantitative imaging of optical properties, which include functional and anatomical information. Diffuse optical monitoring of repeated cerebral ischemia in mice yu shang,1 lei chen,2 michal toborek,2 and guoqiang yu1, 1. Pdf diffuse optical imaging is a functional medical imaging modality which takes advantage of the relatively low attenuation of nearinfrared light to. Using both simulations and experimental studies, the reconstructed images of local subsurface heterogeneities was demonstrated, using diffusion properties. Tolerance of reconstructed diffuse optical tomographic. The most promising clinical translation opportunities are in the differential diagnosis of malignant vs. Center for biomedical engineering, university of kentucky. Using diffuse optical tomography with acoustic photonic. Imaging the body with diffuse optical tomography ieee. Clinical applications of nearinfrared diffuse correlation. The motivation for reconstructing the optical property variation is that. Because the scattering and absorption of a tumor varies significantly from healthy tissue, a reconstructed spatial representation of these parameters serves as tomographic image of a medium.
Written by an authority involved in the field since its nascent stages, diffuse optical tomography. Modeling the light fluence within tissue as diffuse has lead to great advances in the ability to reconstruct images based on diffuse projection tomography and to predict interior distributions of absorption, fluorescence, and luminescence concentrations. Noninvasive diffuse optical monitoring of head and neck. Diffuse optical imaging doi is a method of imaging using nearinfrared spectroscopy nirs or fluorescencebased methods. Infrared diffuse optical tomography athesis submitted to the faculty in partial ful. Diffuse optics for tissue monitoring and tomography. The recovery of optical parameters from boundary measurements of light propagation within tissue is inherently a dif. Pdf image reconstruction for frequencydomain diffuse optical. Noninvasive diffuse optical monitoring of head and neck tumor blood flow and oxygenation during radiation delivery. In recent years hyperspectral dot hydot has been proposed, in an effort to improve that resolution.
Image analysis methods for diffuse optical tomography. Hyperspectral diffuse optical tomography using the. Diffuse optical tomography principles and applications. Most known reconstruction methods use the diffusion equation da as forward model, although the validation of da breaks down in certain situations. Diffuse optical methods offer safe, portable, and radiation free alternatives to traditional technologies like positron emission tomography or functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri. Impact of errors in experimental parameters on reconstructed breast images using diffuse optical tomography. The diffuse optical tomography dot is a new modality for biomedical imaging 1 3. Based on recent developments in both singlephoton detectors and timing electronic circuits, we designed a compact and cost effective timedomain diffuse optical tomography system operated at 1 hz. Diffuse optical tomography dot provides spatial distributions of intrinsic tissue optical properties or molecular contrast agents through modelbased reconstruction algorithms using nir measurements. It has been shown in 48 that for a multifrequency diffuse optical tomography frequencies between 20 mhz and 500 mhz can be used to improve tomographic reconstruction. Direct approaches combine the two steps necessary in the indirect approaches and obtain the spatial excited levels directly.
When used to create 3d volumetric models of the imaged material doi is referred to as diffuse optical tomography, whereas 2d imaging methods are classified as. A new nonlocal forward model for diffuse optical tomography. Pdf imaging the body with diffuse optical tomography. Diffuse optical tomography using multi directional. Nearinfrared diffuse optical tomography dot, one of the most sophisticated optical imaging. Diffuse optics is particularly useful for measurement of tissue hemodynamics, wherein quantitative assessment of oxy and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations and blood. Yalavarthy thayer school of engineering dartmouth college hanover, new hampshire september 2007 examining committee. Numerical modelling and image reconstruction in diffuse. Boas a general framework for incorporating single and multiple priors in diffuse optical tomography is described. In this work, we use the radiative transfer equation as forward model which provides an accurate description of the light propagation within biological. Yodh1 3department of computer science, university college london, gower street, london wc1e 6bt, uk 1department of physics and astronomy, 2department of radiology. Diffuse optical imaging is a functional medical imaging modality which takes advantage of the relatively low attenuation of nearinfrared light to probe the internal optical properties of tissue. Submitted to the faculty of the graduate college of the.
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